The National Socialist German Workers Party (, or NSDAP, originally known as the DAP (this changed in 1920) and commonly known as the Nazi Party), was a
political party in
Germany between 1920 and 1945 that was known as the
German Workers Party before the name was changed in 1920. The party's leader,
Adolf Hitler, was appointed
Chancellor of Germany by president
Hindenburg in 1933. After Hindenburg's death, Hitler rapidly established a
totalitarian regime known as the
Third Reich, under which the party gained almost unlimited power.Nazi ideology stressed the racial purity of the German people and persecuted those it perceived either as enemies or
Lebensunwertes Leben, that is "life unworthy of life". (This included
Jews,
Roma and
homosexuals, along with
Jehovah's Witnesses, the
mentally and/or physically disabled,
socialists, and
communists.) The practical application of these beliefs led directly to the deaths of approximately 11 million people in what has become known as
the Holocaust. Additionally, the Nazi concept of
Lebensraum ("living space"), and the pursuit of the creation of "Greater Germany" to achieve it, was one of the major causes of
World War II, in which more than 60 million people died.
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