Mixing (process engineering)

In industrial process engineering, mixing is a unit operation that involves manipulating a heterogeneous physical system, with the intent to make it more . Familiar examples include pumping of the water in a swimming pool to homogenize the water temperature, and the stirring of pancake batter to eliminate lumps. This concept is captured formally in physics, where the mixing of dynamical systems is a topic studied in its own right. In mathematics, the concept of mixing is formally defined for measure-preserving dynamical systems and stochastic processes, and includes the ideas of strong mixing, weak mixing and topological mixing.
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