This article is about the historical railway. For the present London Underground lines, see Metropolitan Line, Hammersmith & City Line and District Line.The Metropolitan Railway (MetR) and the Metropolitan District Railway (District) were the first two underground railways to be constructed in London, starting in the 1860s, and the first of the world's metro systems. Although separate and independent companies and often fierce rivals, the histories of the MetR and District are inextricably linked through their joint construction of the Inner Circle (now the Circle Line). This article charts the history of the two companies until they become part of the London Underground. The MetR was closely associated with the Great Western Railway and could be seen as a 19th century precursor of Crossrail.
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