In linguistics, meaning is the content carried by the
words or
signs exchanged by people when communicating through
language. Restated, the
communication of meaning is the purpose and function of language. A communicated meaning will (more or less accurately) replicate between individuals either a direct
perception or some
sentient derivation thereof. Meanings may take many forms, such as evoking a certain idea, or denoting a certain real-world entity. Linguistic meaning is studied in
philosophy and
semiotics, and especially in
philosophy of language,
philosophy of mind,
logic, and
communication theory. Fields like
sociolinguistics tend to be more interested in non-linguistic meanings. Linguistics lends itself to the study of linguistic meaning in the fields of
semantics (which studies conventional meanings and how they are assembled) and
pragmatics (which studies in how language is used by individuals).
Literary theory,
critical theory, and some branches of
psychoanalysis are also involved in the discussion of meaning.
Legal scholars and practitioners have discussed the nature of meaning of
statutes,
precedents and
contracts since
Roman law. However, this
division of labor is not absolute, and each field depends to some extent upon the others.
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