Maya mythology refers to the
pre-Columbian Maya civilization's extensive
polytheistic religious beliefs. These beliefs had most likely been long-established by the time the earliest-known distinctively Maya monuments had been built and inscriptions depicting their
deities recorded, considerably pre-dating the
1st millennium BC. Over the succeeding
millennia this intricate and multi-faceted system of beliefs was extended, varying to a degree between regions and time periods, but maintaining also an inherited tradition and customary observances. The Maya shared many traditions and rituals with the other
civilizations and cultures in the
Mesoamerican region, both preceding and contemporary societies, and in general the entire region formed an interrelated mosaic of belief systems and conceptions on the nature of
the world and
human existence. However, the various
Maya peoples over time developed a unique and continuous set of traditions which are particularly associated with their societies, and their achievements.
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Maya (
Sanskrit ), in
Hinduism, is a term describing many things. Maya is the phenomenal world of separate objects and people, which creates for some the
illusion that it is the only reality. For the
mystics this manifestation is real, but it is a fleeting reality; it is a mistake, although a natural one, to believe that maya represents a fundamental reality. Each person, each physical object, from the perspective of eternity is like a brief, disturbed drop of water from an unbounded ocean. The goal of
enlightenment is to understand this —more precisely, to experience this: to see intuitively that the distinction between the
self and the
universe is a
false dichotomy. The distinction between
consciousness and physical matter, between
mind and
body (refer
bodymind), is the result of an unenlightened
perspective.
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