Maya mythology
Maya mythology refers to the
pre-Columbian Maya civilization's extensive
polytheistic religious beliefs. These beliefs had most likely been long-established by the time the earliest-known distinctively Maya monuments had been built and inscriptions depicting their
deities recorded, considerably pre-dating the
1st millennium BC. Over the succeeding
millennia this intricate and multi-faceted system of beliefs was extended, varying to a degree between regions and time periods, but maintaining also an inherited tradition and customary observances. The Maya shared many traditions and rituals with the other
civilizations and cultures in the
Mesoamerican region, both preceding and contemporary societies, and in general the entire region formed an interrelated mosaic of belief systems and conceptions on the nature of
the world and
human existence. However, the various
Maya peoples over time developed a unique and continuous set of traditions which are particularly associated with their societies, and their achievements.
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Maya (illusion)
Maya (
Sanskrit ), in
Hinduism, is a term describing many things. Maya is the phenomenal world of separate objects and people, which creates for some the
illusion that it is the only reality. For the
mystics this manifestation is real, but it is a fleeting reality; it is a mistake, although a natural one, to believe that maya represents a fundamental reality. Each person, each physical object, from the perspective of eternity is like a brief, disturbed drop of water from an unbounded ocean. The goal of
enlightenment is to understand this —more precisely, to experience this: to see intuitively that the distinction between the
self and the
universe is a
false dichotomy. The distinction between
consciousness and physical matter, between
mind and
body (refer
bodymind), is the result of an unenlightened
perspective.
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Mâyâ
Le mot Mâyâ, de la racine MÂ (mesurer), a les sens suivants dans l'hindouisme : "1) faculté de mesurer, géométrie ; 2) sagesse éternelle, éternel pouvoir du Brahman (chez shrî Aurobindo) ; 3) puissance cosmique grâce à laquelle l'univers se manifeste et s'organise ; 4) Illusion cosmique qui conduit l'homme à prendre le phénomène pour le noumène ; 5) puissance d'illusion du Seigneur ; 6) Prakriti inférieure (selon shrî Aurobindo) ; la Nature (selon Râmana Maharshi) ; le monde (selon shrî Râmakrishna) ; 7) pouvoir mystérieux par lequel un Dieu manifeste sa souveraineté ; 8) la Mère divine (selon shrî Aurobindo) ; 9) puissance d'illusion (selon swâmî Ramdas) ; 10) apparence ; 11) magie".
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Religion maya
La religion maya présente des similitudes avec la religion
aztèque ; elle comprenait des sacrifices humains. Le calendrier maya situait la
fin du monde au , et l’apparition des conquistadors à cette époque jeta la plus grande confusion car ces derniers furent accueillis comme les dieux annoncés. Les Mayas n’opposèrent donc que très peu de résistance à ce qu’ils considéraient comme des êtres surhumains et un destin immuable. Le principal centre religieux du monde maya postclassique était
Chichén Itzá.
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Maya (Religion)
Maja (religia)
Mitologia Majów
Stworzenie
Majowie mieli bardzo ciekawe
mity dotyczące powstania
człowieka: Bogowie kilkakrotnie próbowali ulepić człowieka z
gliny,
drewna i
słomy. Gdy stworzone w ten sposób istoty okazały są zbyt głupie, by należycie oddawać cześć bogom, zostały wytopione potopem; potomkowie nielicznych uratowanych wdrapali się na drzewa i przemienili w
małpy. W końcu człowiek został ulepiony z mąki kukurydzianej i
krwi, a bogowie zasiedli w chwale i kazali mu oddawać sobie cześć.
Majowie ze wszystkich sił starali się zaspokoić wymagania swoich bogów, pragnąc sobie zasłużyć na niebo, gdzie nikt nie musiał pracować nad uprawą
kukurydzy, i bojąc się
piekła, gdzie panowało lodowate zimno.
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Mitologia maya
La religione maya è quell'insieme di credenze politeiste, con una storia di più di 3000 anni, della civiltà maya precolombiana. Questa religione, che faceva fortemente riferimento alle forze della natura (sole, luna e pioggia in particolare), era una complessa forma di politeismo basata sul concetto di dualità: la vita e la morte, il giorno e la notte, il maschio e la femmina. I pochi elementi dell'antica religione che oggi sopravvivono non derivano dalla complessa teologia della classe sacerdotale, ma dalle credenze in semplici divinità mitologia della natura, come i
Chac e le divinità della fertilità.
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