Marital deduction is a type of
tax law that allows a person to give
assets to his or her spouse with reduced or no
tax imposed upon the transfer. Some marital deduction laws even apply to transfers made
postmortem. For U.S. estate and gift tax purposes, there is no tax on transfers between spouses, whether during lifetime or at death. There is no limit on the amount that may be transferred. However, there are two important exceptions. The federal gift tax marital deduction is only available if the donee spouse (the person receiving the gift) is a U.S. citizen. The federal estate tax marital deduction is available for bequests at death to a surviving spouse, whether or not he or she is a U.S. citizen. However, if the survivor is not a U.S. citizen, the bequest must take the form of a specialized type of trust known as a Qualified Domestic Trust.
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