Events307 - After divorcing his wife
Minervina,
Constantine marries
Fausta, the daughter of the retired
Roman Emperor Maximian.1146 -
Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at
Vézelay, urging the necessity of a
Second Crusade.
Louis VII is present, and joins the Crusade.1492 -
Queen Isabella of Castille
orders her 150,000 Jewish subjects to convert to Christianity or face expulsion.
1717 - A
sermon on "The Nature of the Kingdom of Christ" by
Benjamin Hoadly, the
Bishop of Bangor, provoked the
Bangorian Controversy.
1774 -
American Revolutionary War: The
Kingdom of Great Britain orders the port of
Boston, Massachusetts closed in the
Boston Port Act.
1822 -
The massacre of the population of the Greek island of
Chios by soldiers of the
Ottoman Empire following a rebellion attempt, depicted by the French artist
Eugène Delacroix.
1854 -
Commodore Matthew Perry signs the
Treaty of Kanagawa with the
Japanese government, opening the ports of
Shimoda and
Hakodate to
American trade.
1866 - The
Spanish Navy bombs the harbour of
Valparaíso,
Chile.
1877 - The family with samurai antecedents who responded to the
Saigo army in
Ōita Nakatsu rebels.
1885 - The
United Kingdom establishes a
protectorate over
Bechuanaland.
1889 - The
Eiffel Tower is inaugurated.
1903 -
Richard Pearse apparently made the worlds first powered flight, after flying a few hundred metres he crashed into a hedge.
1906 - The
Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (later
National Collegiate Athletic Association) is established to set rules for amateur
sports in the
United States.
1909 -
Serbia accepts
Austrian control over
Bosnia-Herzegovina.
1917 - The
United States takes possession of the
Danish West Indies after paying $25 million to
Denmark, and renames the territory the
U.S. Virgin Islands.
1918 -
Daylight saving time goes into effect in the
United States for the first time.
1930 - The
Motion Pictures Production Code is instituted, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of
sex,
crime,
religion and
violence in
motion pictures for the next thirty eight years.
1931 - An
earthquake destroys
Managua,
Nicaragua, killing 2,000.
1933 - The
Civilian Conservation Corps is established with the mission to relieve rampant unemployment.
1942 - In
World War II, Japanese forces
invade Christmas Island, then a British possession.1942 -
Holocaust in
Ivano-Frankivsk (then called Stanislawow), western
Ukraine.
German Gestapo organise the first deportation of 5.000
Jews from Stanislawow
ghetto to
Belzec death camp. It was one of the biggest transports to
Belzec in the first phase of the camp.
1944 - Japanese Navy Marshal
Mineichi Koga dies in the performance of job in the Navy Second Incident.
1946 - The first election is held in
Greece after
World War II.
1949 - The
Dominion of Newfoundland joins
Confederation and becomes the 10th
Province of
Canada.
1951 - The first commercial US made computer,
UNIVAC I, was delivered to the
United States Census Bureau.
1957 - Elections to the
Territorial Assembly of the
French colony
Upper Volta. After the elections
PDU and
MDV form a
government.
1959 - The 14th
Dalai Lama,
Tenzin Gyatso, crosses the border into
India and is granted
political asylum.
1964 - The Dictatorship in Brazil, under the aegis of general
Castello Branco, begins.
1965 -
Iberia Airlines Convair 440, crashed into the sea on approach to
Tangier killing 47 of 51 occupants.
1966 - The
Soviet Union launches
Luna 10 which later becomes the first
spaceprobe to enter orbit around the
Moon.
1968 -
President Lyndon Johnson announces he will not run for re-election.
1970 -
Explorer 1 re-enters the
Earth's atmosphere (after 12 years in orbit).1970 - Eight
terrorists from the
Japanese Red Army hijacked Japan Airlines Flight 351 at
Tokyo International Airport, wielding
samurai swords and carrying a
bomb.
1979 - The last
British soldier leaves the
Maltese Islands.
Malta declares its Freedom Day (Jum il-Helsien).
1986 - A
Mexicana Boeing 727 en route to
Puerto Vallarta erupts in flames and crashes in the mountains northwest of
Mexico City, killing 166. 1986 - Six
metropolitan county councils are abolished in
England.
1990 -
200,000 protestors took to the streets of
London to show their displeasure at the newly introduced
Poll Tax.
1991 - The Establishment of Islamic Constitutional Movement -
Hadas in
Kuwait.
1992 -
USS Missouri (BB-63), the last active US Navy
Battleship, is decommissioned in
Long Beach, California.
1994 - The
journal Nature reports the finding in
Ethiopia of the first complete
Australopithecus afarensis skull (see
Human evolution).
1995 - In
Corpus Christi, Texas, Latin superstar
Selena Quintanilla Perez is shot and killed by
Yolanda Saldivar, the president of her own fan club.
1998 -
Netscape releases the
code base of its browser under an
open-source license agreement; the project is given the code name
Mozilla and would eventually be spun off into the non-profit
Mozilla Foundation.
2002 - 331 Earthquake in Taiwan, which measured 7.1 and killed at least four people.
2004 - In
Fallujah,
Iraq, 4
American private military contractors working for
Blackwater USA, are killed and their bodies mutilated after being ambushed.
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31. März
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