Manual labour (or manual labor) is physical work done with the hands, especially in an unskilled
job such as fruit and vegetable picking, road building, or any other field where the work may be considered physically arduous, and which has as a profitable objective, usually the production of
goods.In ancient times the status of manual labourers was low, as most physical tasks were done by
slaves. Legal scholar L. Ali Khan analyzes how the
Greeks,
Hindus, the
English, and the
Americans created sophisticated social structures to outsource manual labor to distinct classes, castes, and races.
[1] This continued into the
feudal period. This modest position is still reflected in such professional designations as ranch hand or stage hand, where 'hand' (a pars pro toto for pair of hands, or rather for their owner) means an employee working in the named context. However, certain
skilled labourers were seen as
artisans, well-paid and could aspire to become influential
citizens, especially via professional corporations. It was sometimes referred to as "pick and shovel work."
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