Manual labour
Manual labour (or manual labor) is physical work done with the hands, especially in an unskilled
job such as fruit and vegetable picking, road building, or any other field where the work may be considered physically arduous, and which has as a profitable objective, usually the production of
goods.In ancient times the status of manual labourers was low, as most physical tasks were done by
slaves. Legal scholar L. Ali Khan analyzes how the
Greeks,
Hindus, the
English, and the
Americans created sophisticated social structures to outsource manual labor to distinct classes, castes, and races.
[1] This continued into the
feudal period. This modest position is still reflected in such professional designations as ranch hand or stage hand, where 'hand' (a pars pro toto for pair of hands, or rather for their owner) means an employee working in the named context. However, certain
skilled labourers were seen as
artisans, well-paid and could aspire to become influential
citizens, especially via professional corporations. It was sometimes referred to as "pick and shovel work."
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Travail
Arbeit (Sozialwissenschaften)
JOB
Lavoro
L'etimologia del termine lavoro riporta al latino labor con il significato di fatica. Sono noti i detti della letteratura classica durar fatica e operar faticando. Ancora oggi in alcuni dialetti si utilizzano i termini faticare, andare a faticare (come nel
dialetto salentino), per intendere lavorare e andare a lavorare.Altro termine dialettale sinonimo è travaglio.
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Werken
werken (arbeid)Werken (Kortemark), een deelgemeente van het Belgische KortemarkAl of niet een gewenste (uit)werking hebben, bijvoorbeeld "dit werkt zo niet", "dit apparaat werkt goed".Het verbruik van energie, bijvoorbeeld in "de klok werkt op één batterij", "de motor werkt op olie".Het bewegen, uitzetten of krimpen, bijvoorbeeld van hout: "mijn houten vloer werkt", zie werken (hout)De afdeling Openbare Werken van een gemeenteHet
oeuvre van een kunstenaar, zoals een componist of een kunstschilder
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