MHC-restricted antigen recognition, or MHC restriction, refers to the fact that a given
T cell will recognize a
peptide antigen only when it is bound to a particular
MHC molecule. Normally, as
T cells are stimulated only in the presence of self-MHC molecules, antigen is recognized only as peptides bound to self-MHC molecules.
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The phenomenon that a T cell can only recognize a peptide when it is (processed and) presented by another cell sharing the same MHC type. The only exception is that a foreign MHC antigen itself does not have to be presented by a cell but is able to induce a reaction directly (as happens in MHC - mismatched transplantation).
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