Manichaeism (in
Modern Persian Āyin e Māni; Chinese: ) was one of the major
dualistic religions, originating in
Sassanid Persia.Although most of the original writings of the founding
prophet Mani (
Syriac, , c. 210–276 A.D.) have been lost, numerous translations and fragmentary texts have survived. At its height, Manichaeism was one of the most widespread religions in the world, with Manichaean churches and scriptures being found as far east as China, and as far west as the Roman empire. Although its last organized form appears to have died out before the 16th century in southern China, a modern revival has been attempted under the name of
Neo-Manichaeism.
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