Luzon refers to the largest and most economically and politically important
island in the
Philippines and to one of the three island groups in the country, with
Visayas and
Mindanao being the other two. Luzon as an island group includes the island of Luzon itself, plus the
Batanes and
Babuyan groups of islands to the north, and the main and outlying islands of
Catanduanes,
Marinduque,
Masbate,
Romblon, and
Mindoro in the south. The island group of
Palawan, which used to be a province belonging to an administrative region of Luzon, has been transferred to Region VI in the Visayas in 2005. In old maps, it was called Luçonia or Luçon and inhabitants were called Luçoes. Historically, Luzon also came to be known as the Nueva Castilla or the New Castile.
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