Lithography

n. printing process in which impressions are taken from a stone that has been treated with an oily substance and then coated with ink

Invented by Bavarian author Alois Senefelder in 1796, lithography is a method for printing on a smooth surface. It can be used to print text or artwork onto paper or another suitable material. It can also refer to photolithography, a microfabrication technique used to make integrated circuits and microelectromechanical systems.
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Noun
1. a method of planographic printing from a metal or stone surface
(hypernym) planographic printing, planography
(hyponym) photolithography
2. the act of making a lithographic print
(hypernym) printmaking

(n.)
The art or process of putting designs or writing, with a greasy material, on stone, and of producing printed impressions therefrom. The process depends, in the main, upon the antipathy between grease and water, which prevents a printing ink containing oil from adhering to wetted parts of the stone not covered by the design. See Lithographic limestone, under Lithographic.
  

the transfer of a pattern from medium to another, for example, transferring a pattern from a mask or reticle to a wafer.