Text figures (also known as lowercase, old-style, or hanging figures or numerals) are
numerals typeset with varying heights in a fashion that resembles a typical line of running text, hence the name. This stands in contrast to lining, titling, or ranging figures, which are all of consistent height.In text figures, the shape and positioning of the numerals varies as those of
lowercase letters do. In the most common scheme,
0,
1, and
2 are of
x-height, having neither ascenders nor descenders;
6 and
8 have ascenders; and
3,
4,
5,
7, and
9 have descenders. Other schemes exist as well; for example, the
types cut by the
Didot family of
punchcutters and
typographers in
France between the late 18th and early 19th centuries typically had an ascending 3 to prevent confusion with the cursive form of the lowercase letter
z, a form preserved in some later French typefaces. A few other typefaces used different arrangements.
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