The Kozak consensus sequence, Kozak consensus or Kozak sequence, is a sequence which occurs on eukaryoticmRNA and has the consensus (gcc)gccRccAUGG, where R is a purine (adenine or guanine) three bases upstream of the start codon (AUG), which is followed by another 'G' (Kozak, 1987). This sequence on an mRNA molecule is recognized by the ribosome as the translational start site, from which point a protein is coded by that mRNA molecule. The ribosome requires this sequence, or a possible variation (see below) to initiate translation. The Kozak sequence is not to be confused with the ribosomal binding site (RBS), that being either the 5' cap of a messenger RNA or an Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES).
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In some viral mRNAs, the concensus sequence surrounding the initiating AUG 5' ACCAUGG 3' . It facilitates ribosomal binding and therefore, protein synthesis. The most consistent position is located three nucleotides before the initiation codon (ATG) and is almost always an adenine nucleotide (see also Shine-Dalgarno sequence).
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