Katanga may refer to:

• Katanga Province, a province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
• Haut-Katanga (proposed province), a proposed new province presently the southern region of Katanga Province
• State of Katanga, a breakaway state which existed from 1960 to 1963
• Katanga Crisis or "Congo Crisis", a period of turmoil in the First Republic of the Congo from 1960 to 1966
• Katanga Plateau, a plateau in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
• Garenganze or Katanga in Central Africa, the home of the pre-colonial Yeke Kingdom of Msiri
• Katanga River, a river in Russia
• Germain Katanga (born 1978), a Congolese militia leader accused of war crimes and crimes against humanity before the International Criminal Court
• Simon Katanga, a fictional character in the film Raiders of the Lost Ark
• Katanga - Caulfield Beth Hamedrash,an Orthodox Jewish Synagogue in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Colloquially referred to as "Katanga" (said to be because of parallels between its establishment and the establishment of the State of Katanga at the time), Caulfied Beth Hamedrash being its official name. See http://www.cbh-katanga.com/

Der Begriff Katanga kann sich beziehen auf

Le Katanga est la province la plus méridionale de la  République démocratique du Congo, dont la capitale est Lubumbashi (anciennement Élisabethville). Sa superficie est de 518 000 km², sa population d'environ 8,2 millions habitants. Le plateau du Katanga accueille de nombreuses fermes d'élevage et d'agriculture. L'est (Manono) et le sud (Lubumbashi, Kolwezi) de la province renferment de très riches gisements de cobalt, cuivre, fer, radium, uranium, et diamant.

Katanga (mellan 1971 och 1997 Shaba) är en region i Kongo-Kinshasa, som mellan 1966 och 2006 också utgjorde en egen provins. Provinsens huvudstad var Lubumbashi (tidigare Elisabethville).