Nepheline, also called nephelite (from
Greek: nephos, "cloud"), is a
feldspathoid: a silica-undersaturated aluminosilicate,
Na3
KAl4
Si4
O16, that occurs in
intrusive and
volcanic rocks with low silica, and in their associated
pegmatites. It is very occasionally found in
mica schist and
gneiss.Nepheline crystals are rare and belong to the hexagonal system, usually having the form of a short, six-sided prism terminated by the basal plane. The unsymmetrical etched figures produced artificially on the prism faces indicate, however, that the crystals are hemimorphic and tetartohedral, the only element of symmetry being a polar hexad axis. It is found in compact, granular aggregates, and can be white, yellow, gray, green, or even reddish (in the eleolite variety). The
hardness is 5.5 - 6, and the
specific gravity 2.56 - 2.66. It is often translucent with a greasy
luster.
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General Information:

Chemical Formula:
KAlSiO4

Composition:
(Molecular Weight = 158.16 gm)
Potassium 24.72 %
K Aluminum 17.06 %
AlSilicon 17.76 %
SiOxygen 40.46 %
O 
Empirical Formula:
KAlSiO4

Locality:
Ejecta from Mte. Somma, Vesuvius.
Physical Properties:

Cleavage:
[0001] Perfect

Color:
colorless.

Density:
2.49 - 2.67, Average = 2.58

Diaphaniety:
Transparent to translucent

Habits:
Prismatic - Crystals Shaped like Slender Prisms (e.g. tourmaline)., Acicular - Occurs as needle-like crystals.,

Hardness:
5.5-6 - Knife Blade-Orthoclase

Luster:
Vitreous - Greasy

Streak:
white
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