The Constitutional Democratic Party (Constitutional Democrats, formally Party of Popular Freedom, informally Cadets) was a
liberal political party in
Tsarist Russia. Party members were called Kadets (or Cadets), from the abbreviation K-D of the party name (Конституционная Демократическая партия in
Russian). This name should not be confused with the term cadets, which referred to students at military schools in the Imperial Russia.
Konstantin Kavelin's and
Boris Chicherin's writings formed the theoretical basis of the party's platform. Historian
Pavel Miliukov was the party's leader throughout its existence. The Kadets were mainly supported by professionals, - university professors and lawyers were particularly prominent within the party - members of the
zemstvo (a form of local government), and some industrialists.
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