Events911 - Signing of the
Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between
Charles the Simple and
Rollo of Normandy.1156 -
Siege of Shirakawa-den in
Japan.1302 -
Battle of the Golden Spurs (Guldensporenslag in
Dutch) - a coalition around the
Flemish cities defeats the king of
France's huge knightly army.1346 -
Charles IV of
Luxembourg elected emperor of the
Holy Roman Empire.1405 -
Chinese fleet commander
Zheng He set sail to explore the world for the first time.1476 -
Giuliano della Rovere is appointed bishop of
Coutances.1576 -
Martin Frobisher sights
Greenland.
1616 -
Samuel de Champlain returns to
Quebec.
1735 - Mathematical calculations suggest it was on this day that
Pluto moved from the ninth to the eighth most distant planet from the Sun for the last time before
1979.
1740 -
Pogrom:
Jews are expelled from
Little Russia.
1750 -
Halifax,
Nova Scotia almost completely destroyed by fire.
1776 - Captain
James Cook begins third voyage.
1789 -
Jacques Necker dismissed as Finance Minister for France sparking the
Storming of the Bastille.
1796 - The
U.S. takes possession of
Detroit from
Great Britain under terms of the
Jay Treaty.
1798 - The
United States Marine Corps is re-established; they had been disbanded after the
American Revolutionary War.
1804 -
Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr mortally wounds former
Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton in a
duel.
1811 -
Italian scientist
Amedeo Avogadro publishes his memoir about
molecular content of gases.
1848 - The
Waterloo railway station in
London opens.
1859 -
A Tale of Two Cities by
Charles Dickens is published.
1864 -
Confederate forces attempt an invasion of
Washington, D.C.1889 -
Tijuana, Mexico was founded
1893 - The first cultured
pearl is obtained by
Kokichi Mikimoto.
1895 - The brothers
Lumière show
film for scientists.
1897 -
Salomon August Andrée leaves
Spitsbergen to try to reach the
North pole by
balloon. He later crashes and dies.
1906 - Gillette-Brown murder inspires
Theodore Dreiser's
An American Tragedy1914 -
Babe Ruth debuts in
Major league baseball.
1919 - Eight-hour working day and free
Sunday made into law in the
Netherlands.
1921 - Truce called in the
Irish War of Independence; see
Irish calendar.1921 - Former
US President William Howard Taft sworn in as 10th
Chief Justice of the
US Supreme Court, becoming the only person to ever be both President and Chief Justice.1921 -
Mongolia becomes independent (from
China).
1922 -
Hollywood Bowl opens.
1936 -
Triborough Bridge in
New York City is opened to traffic.
1940 -
World War II:
Vichy France regime formally established.
Henri Philippe Pétain becomes
Prime Minister of France.
1943 -
Massacres of Poles in Volhynia1943 -
World War II:
Allied invasion of Sicily - German and Italian troops launch a counter-attack on Allied forces in
Sicily.
1944 -
Franklin D. Roosevelt says he will run for a fourth term as
President of the United States.
1950 -
Pakistan joins the
International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the International Bank.
1955 - The phrase
In God We Trust is added to all
US currency.
1957 - Prince Karim Husseini
Aga Khan IV inherits the office of Imamat as the 49th Imam of Shia Imami
Ismaili worldwide, after the death of Sir Sultan Mahommed Shah
Aga Khan III1960 - Independence of
Benin,
Burkina Faso and
Niger.
1960 -
To Kill a Mockingbird by
Harper Lee is first published.
1962 - First transatlantic
satellite television transmission.
1971 -
Copper mines in
Chile nationalized.
1973 - A
Brazilian Boeing 707 crashes near
Paris on approach to
Orly Airport, killing 123 people of the 134 on-board.
1977 -
Martin Luther King is posthumously awarded the
Medal of Freedom.
1978 -
Los Alfaques Disaster: a truck carrying liquid gas crashes and explodes at a coastal campsite in
Tarragona,
Spain killing 216 tourists.
1979 - The space station
Skylab returns to
Earth.
1982 -
Italy wins its third
FIFA World Cup.
1983 - A
Boeing 727 crashes into hilly terrain after a tail strike in
Cuenca,
Ecuador, claiming 119 lives.
1987 - According to the
United Nations, the world population crossed the 5,000,000,000 (5 billion) mark.
1990 -
Oka Crisis,
First Nations land dispute in
Quebec,
Canada begins.
1991 - A
Nationair DC-8 crashed during an emergency landing at
Jeddah,
Saudi Arabia, killing 261. The
Canadian charter was ferrying
Hajj pilgrims on behalf of
Nigeria Airways.1991 - Total
solar eclipse in
Hawaii and
Mexico.
1995 - Full diplomatic relations are established between the
United States and
Vietnam.1995 -
Srebrenica Genocide: Serb army from
Yugoslavia and
Bosnia, capture the Bosniak town of
Srebrenica. More than eight thousands inhabitants are murdered. It is generally regarded to be the most horrific event in recent European history.1995 - A
Cubana de Aviacion Antonov An-24 crashes into the
Caribbean off southeast
Cuba killing 44 people.
2003 -
Lahore-
Delhi bus service resumed after suspension of 18 months.
2004 -
CIA Director
George Tenet leaves his position at the agency.
2006 - 209 people are killed in a series of
bomb attacks in
Mumbai,
India.
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11. Juli
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