This article is about the
Chief Justice of the United States. For his grandson, a politician and lawyer, see
John Jay (lawyer). For the list of high schools bearing this name, see
John Jay High School. John Jay (
December 12 1745 –
May 17 1829) was an
American politician, statesman, revolutionary, diplomat, and jurist. Considered one of the
"founding fathers" of the United States, Jay served in the
Continental Congress, and was elected President of that body in 1778. During and after the
American Revolution, he was a minister (ambassador) to
Spain and
France, helping to fashion American foreign policy and to secure favorable peace terms from the
British and French. He co-wrote the
Federalist Papers with
Alexander Hamilton and
James Madison. Jay served on the
U.S. Supreme Court as the first
Chief Justice of the United States from 1789 to 1795. In 1794 he negotiated the
Jay Treaty with the British. A leader of the new
Federalist party, Jay was elected Governor of New York state, 1795-1801. He was the leading opponent of slavery and the slave trade in New York. His first attempt to pass emancipation legislation failed in 1777, and failed again in 1785, but he succeeded in 1799, signing the law that eventually emancipated the slaves of New York; the last were freed before his death.
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