Johannes Gutenberg
This article is about the inventor of printing in Europe; for other uses, see
Guttenberg (disambiguation) and
Gutenberg. Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg (c.
1400 –
February 3, 1468) was a
German goldsmith and
printer, who is credited with
inventing movable type printing in
Europe (c. 1439) and
mechanical printing globally. His major work, the
Gutenberg Bible, also known as the 42-line bible, has been acclaimed for its high aesthetic and technical quality. Among Gutenberg's specific contributions were the design of metal movable type, the invention of a process for making such type in quantity (mass production), the use of oil-based ink, and the use of a wooden
printing press similar to the screw olive and wine presses of the period. His truly epochal invention was the combination of these elements into a practical system. Gutenberg may have been familiar with printing; it is claimed that he had worked on copper
engravings with an artist known as the
Master of the Playing Cards. Gutenberg's method for making type is traditionally considered to have included a
type metal alloy and a hand mould for casting type.
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Johannes Gutenberg
Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg, dit Gutenberg (mot-à-mot Bon-mont (Bonne-montagne) en français ; on trouve également parfois l'orthographe francisée Gutemberg), né vers 1400 à
Mayence dans le
Saint-Empire romain germanique et mort le 3 février 1468 dans sa ville natale, était un
imprimeur allemand dont l'invention a été déterminante dans la diffusion des textes et du savoir.
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Johannes Gutenberg
Johannes Gutenberg
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Johann Gutenberg
Vita Johann Gutenberg nacque a
Magonza, che attualmente ospita un museo in suo onore, dal mercante Friele (Friedrich) Gänsfleisch zur Laden e da Else Wyrich. Il nome "zum Gutenberg" deriva dall'edificio "Hof zum Gutenberg" (oggi in Christophstrasse, 2) in cui la famiglia si trasferì. I Gänsfleisch erano una delle famiglie patrizie della città, dediti alla lavorazione del
metallo e al
conio. Attorno al 1430 Gutenberg si trasferì, per motivi politici, a
Strasburgo dove lavorò come apprendista orafo e, in particolare, si occupò del conio delle
monete.
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