Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, Chevalier de Lamarck (
August 1,
1744 –
December 18,
1829) was a
French soldier,
naturalist,
academic and an early proponent of the idea that
evolution occurred and proceeded in accordance with
natural laws. Lamarck was born as the eleventh child in an impoverished noble family of soldiers in
Picardie. Lamarck was forced into enrollment in a
Jesuit college in
Amiens, but after his father's death in 1760, Lamarck joined a
company of soldiers. He fought in the
Pomeranian War with
Prussia, and was awarded a commission for his bravery on the battlefield. At his post in
Monaco, Lamarck became interested in natural history and resolved to study medicine. He retired from the army after being injured in 1766, and he continued to his medicine studies. Lamarck showed a particular interest for botany, and he studied the subject under
Bernard de Jussieu for nearly ten years.
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