Events1077 -
Walk to Canossa: The
excommunication of
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor is lifted.
1521 -
Diet of Worms begins, lasting until
May 25.1547 -
Henry VIII dies. His nine year old son,
Edward VI becomes King, and the first
Protestant ruler of
England.1573 - Articles of
Warsaw Confederation are signed, sanctioning
freedom of religion in
Poland.
1754 -
Horace Walpole, in a letter to Horace Mann, coins the word
serendipity.
1624 -
Sir Thomas Warner founds the first
British colony in the Caribbean, on
Saint Kitts.
1724 - The
Russian Academy of Sciences was founded in
St. Petersburg by
Peter the Great, and implemented in the Senate decree. It was called St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences until 1917.
1760 -
Pownal, Vermont created by
Benning Wentworth as one of the
New Hampshire Grants.
1813 -
Pride and Prejudice is first published in the
United Kingdom.
1820 -
Russian expedition led by
Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and
Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev discovered the
Antarctic continent approaching the
Antarctic coast.
1846 -
Battle of Aliwal,
India won by
British troops commanded by
Sir Harry Smith.
1855 - The first
locomotive runs from the
Atlantic to the
Pacific on the
Panama Railway.
1871 -
Franco-Prussian War:
Siege of Paris ends in French defeat and an armistice.
1878 -
Yale Daily News becomes the first daily, college
newspaper in the
United States.
1887 - In a
snowstorm at
Fort Keogh,
Montana, the world's largest
snowflakes are reported, being 15 inches (38 cm) wide and 8 inches (20 cm) thick.
1902 - The
Carnegie Institution is founded in
Washington, DC with a $10 million gift from
Andrew Carnegie.
1909 -
United States troops leave
Cuba with the exception of
Guantanamo Bay Naval Base after being there since the
Spanish-American War.
1915 - An act of the
U.S. Congress creates the
United States Coast Guard.
1916 -
Louis D. Brandeis becomes the first
Jew appointed to the
United States Supreme Court.
1917 - Municipally owned
streetcars take to the streets of
San Francisco.
1918 -
Finnish Civil War:
Rebels seized control of the capital,
Helsinki, and members of the
Senate of Finland go underground.
1921 - A symbolic
Tomb of the Unknown Soldier is installed beneath the
Arc de Triomphe in
Paris to honour the unknown dead of
World War I.
1922 -
Knickerbocker Storm, Washington DC's biggest snowfall, causes Washington DC's greatest loss of life when the roof of the Knickerbocker Theater collapses.
1932 -
Japanese forces
attack Shanghai.
1933 - The name
Pakistan is
coined by
Choudhary Rehmat Ali Khan and is accepted by the
Indian Muslims who then thereby adopted it further for the
Pakistan Movement seeking independence.
1934 - The first
ski tow in
America begins operation in
Vermont.
1935 -
Iceland becomes the first Western country to legalize therapeutic
abortion.
1938 - The
World Land Speed Record on a
public road is broken by driver
Rudolf Caracciola in the
Mercedes-Benz W195.
1945 -
World War II: Supplies begin to reach the
Republic of China over the newly reopened
Burma Road.
1946 -
Bluenose,
Canada's greatest sailing
ship, founders on a
Haitian reef.
1953 -
Derek Bentley hanged for a
murder carried out by Christopher Craig.
1958 -
Charles Starkweather and
Caril Ann Fugate begin their
murder spree with the killings of her parents and infant sister.
1980 -
USCGC Blackthorn (WLB-391) collides with the tanker Capricorn while leaving Tampa Bay Florida and capsizes; killing 23 Coast Guard crewmembers.
1982 -
US Army general
James L. Dozier is rescued by
Italian anti-
terrorism forces after 42 days of captivity under the
Red Brigades.
1986 -
Space Shuttle program:
STS-51-L mission (
Space Shuttle Challenger disaster) -
Space Shuttle Challenger breaks apart 73 seconds after liftoff killing all seven
astronauts onboard, including
Christa McAuliffe, who was supposed to be the first teacher in space.
1994 - The first trial of accused murderer
Lyle Menendez ends in a mistrial. He and his brother
Erik are later found guilty and sentenced to life in prison without parole.
1998 - Gunmen hold at least 400 children and teachers hostage for several hours at an elementary school in
Manila,
Philippines.
2002 -
TAME Flight 120, a
Boeing 727-100 crashes in the
Andes mountains in southern
Colombia killing 92.
2004 -
Lord Hutton publishes his
report into the death of
UN weapons inspector Dr.
David Kelly.
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28. Januar
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