Events
27 BC - The title
Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the
Roman Senate.550 -
Gothic War (535–552): The
Ostrogoths, under King
Totila, conquer
Rome after a long siege, by bribing the
Isaurian garrison.929 - Emir
Abd-ar-Rahman III of
Cordoba declares himself
caliph, thereby establishing the
Caliphate of Cordoba.1120 - The Council of Nablus is held, establishing the earliest surviving written laws of the
Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem.1362 - A great
storm tide in the
North Sea destroys the
German island of
Strand and the city of
Rungholt.1412 - The
Medici family are made official bankers of the
Papacy.1456 - Painter
Filippo Lippi elopes with Lucrezia Buti, a young nun from the convent of Saint Margherita.1492 - The first
grammar of a modern language, in
Spanish, is presented to Queen
Isabella.1547 -
Ivan the Terrible becomes
Tsar of
Russia.1556 -
Philip II becomes King of
Spain.1572 - The
Duke of Norfolk is tried for treason for his part in the
Ridolfi plot to restore
Catholicism in
England.1581 -
English Parliament outlaws
Roman Catholicism.
1605 - The first edition of
El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha (Book One of Don Quixote) by
Miguel de Cervantes was published in
Madrid.
1707 - The
Scottish Parliament ratified the
Act of Union, paving way for the creation of
Great Britain.
1761 -
British capture
Pondicherry,
India from the
French.
1777 -
Vermont declares its independence from
New York.
1780 -
American Revolution:
Battle of Cape St. Vincent.
1795 -
French occupy
Utrecht,
Netherlands.
1809 -
Peninsular War: The
British defeat the
French at the
Battle of La Coruña.
1847 -
John C. Fremont is appointed Governor of the new
California Territory.
1864 - Danish-Prussian War (
Second war of Schleswig): King
Christian IX of Denmark declares war to the
German Confederation in order to occupy
Schleswig1878 -
Captain Burago with a
squadron of
Russian Imperial army
dragoons liberates
Plovdiv from the
Ottoman rule.
1883 - The
Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the
United States Civil Service, is passed.
1896 - Defeat of
Cymru Fydd at South Wales Liberal Federation
AGM,
Newport, Monmouthshire.
1900 - The
United States Senate accepts the
Anglo-
German treaty of
1899 in which the
United Kingdom renounces its claims to the
Samoan islands.
1909 -
Ernest Shackleton's expedition finds the magnetic
South Pole.
1919 -
Temperance movement: The
United States of America ratifies the
Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, authorizing
Prohibition in the United States one year after ratification.
1920 -
Zeta Phi Beta Sorority Inc. was founded on the campus of
Howard University.
1945 -
Adolf Hitler moves into his underground bunker, the so-called
Führerbunker.
1956 - President
Gamal Abdal Nasser of
Egypt vows to reconquer
Palestine.
1968 - Youth International Party (
Yippies) is founded.
1969 -
Czech student
Jan Palach commits suicide by
self-immolation in
Prague, in protest against the
Soviets' crushing of the
Prague Spring the year before.1969 -
Metroliner train starts running.
1970 -
Buckminster Fuller receives the
Gold Medal award from the
American Institute of Architects.
1979 - The
Shah of Iran flees
Iran with his family and relocates to
Egypt.
1986 - First meeting of the
Internet Engineering Task Force.
1991 - The United States of America declares war on Iraq, beginning the Persian Gulf War (U.S.Time).
1992 -
El Salvador officials and rebel leaders sign the
Chapultepec Peace Accords in
Mexico City that ends a 12-year
civil war that claimed at least 75,000.
2001 -
Congolese President
Laurent-Désiré Kabila is assassinated by one of his own bodyguards.2001 -
US President Bill Clinton awards former US President
Theodore Roosevelt a posthumous
Medal of Honor for his service in the
Spanish-American War.
2002 - The
UN Security Council unanimously establishes an arms embargo and the freezing of assets of
Osama bin Laden,
Al-Qaida, and the remaining members of the
Taliban.
2003 -
Space Shuttle Columbia takes off for mission
STS-107 which will be its final one. Columbia disintegrates 16 days later on re-entry.
2005 -
Adriana Iliescu gives birth at age 66 and becomes the oldest woman in the world to do so.
2006 -
Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf is sworn in as
Liberia's new
president. She becomes
Africa's first female elected head of state.
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16. Januar
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