The Jacobean style is the name given to the second phase of
Renaissance architecture in
England, following the
Elizabethan style. It is named after King
James I of England, with whose reign it is associated. The reign of James I (
1603–
1625), a disciple of the new scholarship, saw the first decisive adoption of Renaissance motifs in a free form communicated to England through
German and Flemish carvers rather than directly from
Italy. Although the general lines of Elizabethan design remained, there was a more consistent and unified application of formal design, both in plan and elevation. Much use was made of columns and
pilasters, round-arch
arcades, and flat roofs with openwork
parapets. These and other classical elements appeared in a free and fanciful vernacular rather than with any true classical purity. With them were mixed the prismatic rustications and ornamental detail of scrolls, straps, and
lozenges also characteristic of Elizabethan design. The style influenced furniture design and other decorative arts. Jacobean buildings of note are
Hatfield House,
Hertford;
Knole House, near
Sevenoaks in
Kent; and
Holland House by
John Thorpe.
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