Ireland (;
Ulster Scots: Airlann) is the
third largest island in
Europe behind Great Britain and Iceland. It is also the twentieth largest in the world. It lies to the northwest of
Continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and
islets. To the east of Ireland, separated by the
Irish Sea, is the island of
Great Britain. Politically, the
Republic of Ireland (also known simply as Ireland) covers five sixths of the island, with
Northern Ireland, part of the
United Kingdom, covering the remainder in the northeast. The name 'Ireland' derives from the
Irish word
Éire, with the addition of the
Germanic word 'land'. The derivation of Éire in turn is from
Eueriio and
Ériu. This word, from Proto-Celtic *Īwerjū, which also gave Middle Welsh Iwerd "Irish Sea", originally meant "fatness", in the sense of fertile.
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