The Indus Valley Civilization (c. 3000–1500 BCE, flourished 2600–1900 BCE), abbreviated IVC, was an ancient
civilization that flourished in the
Indus and
Ghaggar-Hakra river valleys primarily in what is now
Pakistan and western
India, extending westward into
Balochistan. The mature phase of this civilization is known as the Harappan Civilization, after the first of its cities to be excavated,
Harappa. Excavation of IVC sites has been ongoing since the
1920s.
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