Id. (masculine) and Ead. (feminine) (Latin, short for "idem" and "eadem", "the same") are the terms used to denote the previously cited source (compare ibid.). Id. is particularly used in legal citations. They are also used in academic citations where the term replaces the name of a repeated author. Id. is used extensively in Canadian legislation to apply a short description to a section with the same focus as the previous.