Vatican City, officially State of the Vatican City (
Latin: Status Civitatis Vaticanae; ), is a
landlocked sovereign city-state whose territory consists of a walled
enclave within the city of
Rome. At approximately 44
hectares (108.7
acres), it is the smallest independent state in the world.The state came into existence by virtue of the
Lateran Treaty in 1929, which speaks of it as a new creation (Preamble and Article III), not as a vestige of the much larger
Papal States (756 to 1870) that had previously encompassed central Italy, most of which was absorbed into the
Kingdom of Italy in 1860, and the final part, the city of Rome and a small area close to it, ten years later.
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