Juan Hipólito del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús Irigoyen Alem (
July 12 1852 –
July 3 1933) was twice
President of Argentina (from 1916 to 1922 and again from 1928 to 1930). Yrigoyen (he signed that way to differ from Bernardo de Irigoyen's poitical ideas) was popularly known as el peludo (The mole) due to his beady eyes. Pro-Yrigoyen political supporters were known as "personalistas", a rude suggestion that they were
sycophants of Yrigoyen, anti-Yrigoyen elements, not surprisingly, were known as "anti-personalistas". One of the tragedies of Argentina is that Argentina reached its pinnacle of world political power (in 1929, it had the world's 4th largest
gross domestic product) during the Yrigoyen years, and has not approached that level of world influence since those times. He was a schoolteacher before turning to politics, Irigoyen in 1896 became the leader of the Radical Party, putting his personal stamp on it for the next four decades. He fought electoral corruption by boycotting elections until after reforms were carried out in 1912. Four years later he was elected president. Most popular with the middle class, which for the first time felt it was part of the political process, Irigoyen kept Argentina out of World War I, allowing it to profit from the high beef prices on the world market. He was elected president by a large margin in 1928, but his inability to deal with the crisis brought on by the worldwide depression caused his removal from office by an army coup in 1930.
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