Hindko (هندکو /Hindkoŭ/), Hindku, or Peshawari (پشاوری) is an ancient
Indo-Aryan language spoken by
Hindkowans (Punjabi Pathans) in
Pakistan. The literal meaning of the word "Hindko" is "Indian Mountains", or more specifically as "Mountains of the
Indus country". The word "Hind" is the Persianised reference to the regions associated with the
Indus River immediately to the east of Persia and "Ko" means mountains. The word Hindko has also been interpreted to mean the language of India. The term is also found in Greek references to the mountainous region in eastern
Afghanistan and northern Pakistan as Καύκασος Ινδικός (
Caucasus Indicus). The language is spoken in the areas of the
North West Frontier Province (including
Hazara),
Punjab and
Kashmir by an estimated 2.2 to 4 million people.
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