Hashshashin

The Hashashim (also Hashishin, Hashashiyyin or Assassins) were a religious sect of Ismaili Shia Muslims from the Nizari sub-sect originating from post-Islamic Persia. They had a militant basis which was employed in various political or religious purposes. They were thought to have been active from 1090 to 1272. This mystic secret society was known to specialize in terrorizing the Crusaders, against whom they are thought to have fearlessly executed politically motivated assassinations. However, Bernard Lewis states that, unlike the popular belief, their efforts were not primarily directed at Crusaders but against Muslim rulers whom they saw as impious usurpers. The word "assassin" is derived from this name. Their own name for the sect was al-da'wa al-jadīda (Arabic:الدعوة الجديدة) which means the new doctrine. They called themselves fedayeen from the Arabic fidā'ī, which means one who is ready to sacrifice their life for a cause.
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