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Noun
1. a republic on the northwestern coast of Africa; recognized as independent by Portugal in 1974
(synonym) Republic of Guinea-Bissau, Guine-Bissau, Portuguese Guinea
(hypernym) African country, African nation
(part-holonym) Africa
(part-meronym) Bissau, capital of Guinea-Bissau

Flag of Guinea-Bissau

Background
Since independence from Portugal in 1974, Guinea-Bissau has experienced considerable upheaval. The founding government consisted of a single party system and command economy. In 1980, a military coup established Joao VIEIRA as president and a path to a market economy and multiparty system was implemented. A number of coup attempts through the 1980s and early 1990s failed to unseat him and in 1994 he was elected president in the country's first free elections. A military coup attempt and civil war in 1998 eventually led to VIEIRA's ouster in 1999. In February 2000, an interim government turned over power when opposition leader Kumba YALA took office following two rounds of transparent presidential elections. YALA was ousted in a bloodless coup in September 2003, and Henrique ROSA was sworn in as President. Guinea-Bissau's transition back to democracy will be complicated by its crippled economy, devastated in the civil war.

Map of Guinea-Bissau

More about Guinea-Bissau:

Geography

People

Government

Economy

Communications

Transportation

Military

Transnational Issues

GW

Chief of state: President Joao Bernardo 'Nino' VIEIRA (since 1 October 2005)

Head of government: Prime Minister Martinho N'Dafa CABI (since 9 April 2007)

Cabinet: NA

Elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (no term limits); election last held 24 July 2005 (next to be held in 2010); prime minister appointed by the president after consultation with party leaders in the legislature

Election results: Joao Bernardo VIEIRA elected president; percent of vote, second ballot - Joao Bernardo VIEIRA 52.4%, Malam Bacai SANHA 47.6%