The ancient Greeks proposed many different ideas about the primordial gods in their
mythology. The many
theogonies constructed by Greek poets each give a different account of which gods came first.In
Homer,
Ocean and
Tethys are the parents of all the gods.In
Hesiod,
Chaos ("void", "gap") stands at the beginning, followed by
Gaia,
Tartarus, and
Eros. After these forces manifest on their own, they have children through various methods, including
Erebus,
Pontus,
Ourea, the
Titans,
Nyx, and
Aether. (See
Protogenoi)
Orphic poetry made
Nyx the first principle. Nyx is also the first deity in
Aristophanes's Birds, producing Eros from an egg.
Alcman made the water-nymph
Thetis the first goddess, producing poros "path", tekmor "marker" and skotos "darkness" on the pathless, featureless void.The
Pelasgian belief was that
Eurynome and
Ophion produced the Universal Egg.Also in the Orphic tradition,
Phanes (a god of light and procreation, sometimes identified with the Elder Eros) is the original king of the universe, hatched by a cosmic egg.
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