A gamete (from
Ancient Greek γαμετης; translated gamete = wife, gametes = husband) is a cell that fuses with another gamete during
fertilisation (conception) in
organisms that
reproduce sexually. In species which produce two morphologically distinct types of gametes, and in which each individual produces only one type, a
female is any individual which produces the larger type of gamete—called an
ovum (or egg)—and a
male produces the smaller type—called a
spermatozoon (or sperm cell). This is an example of
anisogamy or
heterogamy, the condition wherein females and males produce gametes of different sizes. In contrast,
isogamy is the state of gametes from both sexes being the same size. The name gamete was introduced by the
Austrian biologist
Gregor Mendel.
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