Equatorial Guinea, officially the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, is a country in
Central Africa. One of the smallest countries in continental
Africa, Equatorial Guinea is comprised of a mainland territory known as
Río Muni (including several offshore islands); the island of
Bioko (formerly Fernando Pó), where the capital,
Malabo (formerly Santa Isabel) is located; and the island of
Annobón in the
South Atlantic Ocean. It is bordered by
Cameroon on the north,
Gabon on the south and east, and the
Gulf of Guinea on the west, where the island nation of
São Tomé and Príncipe is located. Formerly the
Spanish colony of
Spanish Guinea, its post-independence name is suggestive of its location near both the
equator and the
Gulf of Guinea. It is the only country in mainland Africa where
Spanish is an official language, excluding the
Spanish exclaves of
Ceuta and
Melilla, and the UN-recognised but Moroccan-occupied
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (Western Sahara).
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