Frame Relay

(Computers) standard for fast transmission of data using the "fast packet switching" method (in LAN or WAN networks)

In the context of computer networking, frame relay consists of an efficient data transmission technique used to send digital information quickly and cheaply in a relay of frames to one or many destinations from one or many end-points. Network providers commonly implement frame relay for voice and data as an encapsulation technique, used between local area networks (LANs) over a wide area network (WAN). Each end-user gets a private line (or leased line) to a frame-relay node. The frame-relay network handles the transmission over a frequently-changing path transparent to all end-users.
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An interface protocol for statistically multiplexed packet-switched data communications in which (a) variable-sized packets (frames) are used that completely enclose the user packets they transport, and (b) transmission rates are usually between 56 kb/s and 1.544 Mb/s (the T-1 rate). Note 1: In frame relay, (a) there is neither flow-control nor an error-correction capability, (b) there is information-content independence, (c) there is a correspondence only to the ISO Open systems Interconnection--Reference Model Layers 1 and 2, (d) variable-sized user packets are enclosed in larger packets (frames) that add addressing and verification information, (e) frames may vary in length up to a design limit, usually 1 kilobyte or more, (f) one frame relay packet transports one user packet, (g) implementation of fast-packet technology is used for connection-oriented frame relay services, and (h) there is a capability to handle time-delay insensitive traffic, such as LAN interworking and image transfer. Note 2: Frame relay is referred to as the local management interface (LMI) standard and is specified in ANSI T1.617 .

<communications> A DTE-DCE interface specification based on LAPD (Q.921), the Integrated Services Digital Network version of LAPB (X.25 data link layer). A common specification was produced by a consortium of StrataCom, Cisco, Digital, and Northern Telecom.
Frame Relay is the result of wide area networking requirements for speed; LAN-WAN and LAN-LAN internetworking; "bursty" data communications; multiplicity of protocols and protocol transparency. These requirements can be met with technology such as optical fibre lines, allowing higher speeds and fewer transmission errors; intelligent network end devices (personal computers, workstations, and servers); standardisation and adoption of ISDN protocols. Frame Relay could connect dedicated lines and X.25 to ATM, SMDS, BISDN and other "fast packet" technologies.
Frame Relay uses the same basic data link layer framing and Frame Check Sequence so current X.25 hardware still works. It adds addressing (a 10-bit Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI)) and a few control bits but does not include retransmissions, link establishment, windows or error recovery. It has none of X.25's session layer but adds some simple interface management. Any network layer protocol can be used over the data link layer Frames.
Frame Relay Resource Center.
(2000-07-14)

Frame Relay
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