A flare star is a
variable star which can undergo unpredictable dramatic increases in brightness for a few minutes or a few hours. The brightness increase is across the spectrum, from
X rays to
radio waves.Flare stars are dim
red dwarfs, although recent research indicates that
brown dwarfs might also be capable of flaring.The first known flare stars (V1396 Cygni and AT Microscopii) were discovered in
1924. However, the best-known flare star (
UV Ceti) was discovered in
1948, and today flare stars are sometimes known as UV Ceti variables.
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Red dwarf stars which undergo very rapid and unpredictable increases in brightness. They are thought to be suffering from flares just above their photosphere. These are energetic events which are caused by magnetic fields releasing energy. Flares are observed regularly on the Sun but do not have such a dramatic effect on the Sun's overall appearance. This is because the Sun is intrinsically a lot brighter than a red dwarf star. Thus, on the dimmer red dwarf, any increase in brightness is noticed more. The energy released in flares is so great that it makes the entire red dwarf appear to brighten. These outbursts are short-lived, however, and will often die down again after a few minutes.
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