Events362 -
Athanasius returns to
Alexandria.1245 -
Thomas, the first known
Bishop of Finland, was granted resignation after having confessed to torture and forgery.
1440 - The
Prussian Confederation is formed.1543 - Battle of Wayna Daga - A combined army of
Ethiopian and
Portuguese troops defeated a
Muslim army led by
Ahmed Gragn.
1613 -
Mikhail I is elected unanimously as
Tsar by a
national assembly, beginning the
Romanov dynasty of
Imperial Russia.
1743 - The premiere in
London of
George Frideric Handel's
oratorio, "
Samson".
1804 - The first self-propelling
steam locomotive makes its outing at the
Pen-y-Darren ironworks in
Wales.
1842 - John Greenough is granted the first
U.S. patent for the
sewing machine.
1848 -
Karl Marx and
Friedrich Engels publish the
Communist Manifesto.
1874 - The
Oakland Daily Tribune publishes its first
newspaper.
1878 - The first
telephone book is issued in
New Haven, Connecticut.
1885 - The newly completed
Washington Monument is dedicated.
1893 -
Thomas Edison receives two
U.S. patents for a "Cut Out for Incandescent Electric Lamps" and for a "Stop Device"
1907 - 125 people perish when the s.s. Berlin sinks near
Hoek van Holland.
1916 -
World War I: In
France the
Battle of Verdun begins.
1918 - The last
Carolina parakeet dies in captivity at the
Cincinnati Zoo.
1925 -
The New Yorker publishes its first issue.
1937 - Initial flight of the first successful
flying car,
Waldo Waterman's Arrowbile.1937 - The
League of Nations bans foreign national "
volunteers" in the
Spanish Civil War.
1943 -
Battle of Guadalcanal ended.
1945 -
World War II: Japanese
Kamikaze planes sink escort carrier
Bismarck Sea and damage the
Saratoga.
1947 - In
New York City Edwin Land demonstrates the first "
instant camera", the
Polaroid Land Camera, to a meeting of the
Optical Society of America.
1948 -
NASCAR is incorporated.
1952 - The British
government, under
Winston Churchill, abolishes
Identity Cards in the
UK to "set the people free".1952 - In
Dhaka,
East Pakistan (present
Bangladesh) police opened fire on a procession of students, who demanded the establishment
Bengali as the
official language, killing four people and starting a
country-wide protest which led to the recognition of Bengali as one of the national languages of Pakistan. The day was later declared as "
International Mother Language Day" by
UNESCO.
1953 -
Francis Crick and
James D. Watson discover the structure of the
DNA molecule.
1960 -
Cuban leader
Fidel Castro nationalizes all businesses in
Cuba.
1965 -
Malcolm X is assassinated at the
Audubon Ballroom in
New York City by members of the
Nation of Islam.
1970 -
Swissair Flight 330: A mid-air bomb explosion and subsequent crash kills 38 passengers and nine crew members near
Zürich,
Switzerland.
1971 - The
Convention on Psychotropic Substances is signed at
Vienna.
1972 -
President Richard Nixon visits the
People's Republic of China to normalize
Sino-American relations.1972 - The
Soviet unmanned
spaceship Luna 20 lands on the
Moon.
1973 - Over the
Sinai Desert,
Israeli fighter aircraft shoot down a
Libyan Airlines jet killing 108. 1974 - The last
Israeli soldiers leave the west bank of the
Suez Canal in carrying out a truce with
Egypt.
1975 -
Watergate scandal: Former
United States Attorney General John N. Mitchell and former
White House aides
H. R. Haldeman and
John Ehrlichman are sentenced to prison.1995 -
Steve Fossett lands in
Leader, Saskatchewan,
Canada becoming the first person to make a solo flight across the
Pacific Ocean in a
balloon.
2004 - The first
European political party organization, the
European Greens, is established in
Rome.
2007 - Italian Prime Minister
Romano Prodi resigns from office.
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