February 11


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February 11
Events660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu.1531 - Henry VIII of England recognized as supreme head of the Church of England.1659 - The assault on Copenhagen by Swedish forces is beaten back with heavy losses.1752 - Pennsylvania Hospital, 1st hospital in the United States, opens.1790 - Religious Society of Friends, also known as Quakers, petitions U.S. Congress for abolition of slavery. 1794 - First session of United States Senate open to the public.1808 - Anthracite coal first burned as fuel, experimentally.1809 - Robert Fulton patents the steamboat1812 - Massachusetts governor Elbridge Gerry gerrymanders for the first time.1814 - Norway's independence is proclaimed, marking the ultimate end of the Kalmar Union.1826 - University College London is founded under the name University of London.1840 - Gaetano Donizetti's opera La Fille du Régiment receives its first performance in Paris.1843 - Giuseppe Verdi's opera I Lombardi receives its first performance in Milan.1855 - Kassa Hailu is crowned Tewodros IIEmperor of Ethiopia, by Abuna Salama III in a ceremony at the church of Derasge Maryam.1858 - The Blessed Virgin Mary reputedly appears to Saint Bernadette Soubirous of Lourdes.1861 - American Civil WarUnited States House of Representatives unanimously passes a resolution guaranteeing noninterference with slavery in any state.1873 - King Amadeus I of Spain abdicates.1889 - Meiji constitution of Japan adopted; 1st Diet of Japan convenes in 1890.1895 - The lowest ever UK temperature of -27.2°C was recorded at Braemar in Aberdeenshire. This record was equalled on 10 January1982 and again on 30 December1995.1902 - Police assault universal suffrage demonstrators in Brussels.1903 - Anton Bruckner's 9th Symphony receives its first performance in Vienna.1905 - Pope Pius X publishes the encyclical Vehementer nos.1916 - Emma Goldman arrested for lecturing on birth control.1919 - Friedrich Ebert (SPD), elected President of Germany.1929 - Italy and the Vatican sign the Lateran Treaty.1937 - A sit-down strike ends when General Motors recognizes the United Auto Workers Union.1938 - BBC Television produces the world's first ever science fiction television program, an adaptation of a section of the Karel Capek play R.U.R. (The play which coined the term "robot").1939 - Lockheed P-38 flies from California to New York in 7 hours 2 minutes.1941 - First Gold record presented to Glenn Miller for "Chattanooga Choo Choo".1942 - The Battle of Bukit Timah was fought in Singapore during World War II.1943 - General Dwight Eisenhower selected to command the allied armies in Europe.1948 - John Costello succeeds Éamon de Valera as Taoiseach of Ireland.1953 - President Dwight Eisenhower refuses clemency appeal for Ethel and Julius Rosenberg.1953 - The Soviet Union breaks off diplomatic relations with Israel.1963 - The Beatles tape 10 tracks for their first album, including "Please, Please Me".1964 - At the Washington ColiseumThe Beatles give their first live performance in the United States.1964 - Greeks and Turks begin fighting in LimassolCyprus.1964 - The Republic of China (Taiwan) breaks off diplomatic relations with France.1968 - Israeli-Jordanian border clashes.1971 - Eighty-seven countries, including the USUK, and USSR, sign the Seabed Treaty outlawing nuclear weapons in international waters.1973 - Vietnam War: First release of American prisoners of war from Vietnam takes place.1978 - Censorship: the People's Republic of China lifts a ban on works by AristotleShakespeare and Dickens.1979 - Islamic revolution of Iran achieved victory by leadership of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.1981 - 100,000 gallons (380 m³) of radioactive coolant leak into the containment building of TVA Sequoyah 1 nuclear plant in Tennessee, contaminating 8 workers.1987 - Philippines constitution goes into effect.1990 - Nelson Mandela, a political prisoner for 27 years, is freed from Victor Verster Prison outside Cape TownSouth Africa.1990 - Buster Douglas knocks out Mike Tyson in Tokyo, Japan to become undisputed heavyweight champion in one of the most shocking upsets in boxing history.1991 - UNPO, the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization, forms in The HagueNetherlands.1997 - Space Shuttle Discovery was launched on a mission to service the Hubble Space Telescope.2006 - U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney accidentally shoots Harry Whittington in the face while the two are hunting together.2007 - In Portugal, a national referendum dictates non-therapeutic abortion to become legal when requested by the woman during the first 10 weeks of pregnancy.2007 - In Ireland, the GAA's national stadium, Croke Park, opens its doors to foreign sports for the first time.
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