In the study of
diffraction and
antenna design the
electromagnetic field (or EM field) is, where the radiation pattern and/or the energy level depends on the distance from the antenna. The near field is that part of the radiated field nearest to the antenna. Beyond the near field is the infinite far field. The concept of near and far fields is different in modeling the propagation and coupling principles in mathematical terms and for the convenience and simplicity of engineering. It does actually not describe separate kinds of fields in space.
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