An optical fiber (or fibre) is a glass or plastic fiber designed to guide
light along its length. Fiber optics is the overlap of
applied science and
engineering concerned with such optical fibers. Optical fibers are widely used in
fiber-optic communication, which permits transmission over longer distances and at higher data rates than other forms of wired and wireless communications. Fibers are used instead of metal wires because signals propagate along them with less loss, and they are immune to
electromagnetic interference. Optical fibers are also used to form
sensors, and in a variety of other applications.
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