Full disk encryption (or whole disk encryption) is a kind of
disk encryption software or
hardware which
encrypts every bit of data that goes on a disk. The term "full disk encryption" is often used to signify that everything on a disk including the
operating system is encrypted. There are also programs capable of encrypting an entire disk fully but not capable of directly encrypting the
system partition or boot partition of the operating system (e.g.
FreeOTFE,
GBDE and
TrueCrypt which can fully encrypt an entire secondary hard disk). To boot from a fully encrypted disk on a standard personal computer requires hardware assistance as there is otherwise no other way for the BIOS to decrypt and transfer program control to an encrypted master boot record (MBR). There are software programs that can encrypt bootable operating system partitions but they must still leave the MBR, and thus part of the disk, unencrypted.
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