FAULT ESCARPMENT

Definition A fault scarp is the topographic expression of faulting due to the displacement of the land surface by movement along the fault. It can be caused by differential erosion along an old inactive geologic fault (a sort of old rupture) with hard & weak rock, or by an active geologic fault. In many cases, bluffs form from the upthrown block and can be very steep. The height of the scarp formation is equal to the vertical displacement along the fault. Active scarps are usually formed by tectonics, e.g. when an earthquake changes the elevation of the ground, and can be caused by any type of fault, including strike-slip faults, whose motion is primarily horizontal. This movement is usually episodic, with the height of the bluffs being the result of multiple movements over time. Displacement of around 5 to 10 meters per tectonic event is common.
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Als Terrainstufe wird in der Geomorphologie und Geologie ein deutlich sichtbarer Absatz bezeichnet, der auf natürliche Ursachen zurückgeht.Solche können u. a. sein:Ablagerung von Sedimenten (z. B. in Form von  Flussterrassen und Talstufen)Wirkung einer rezenten oder alten (inaktiven) geologischen Störungslinieunterschiedliche Erosion wegen benachbarter Gesteine verschiedener HärteFolge einer Hangrutschung, einer Mure, einer Plaike u. ä.Höhenverschiebung des Geländes durch ein Erdbeben.
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fault excarpment 断层崖

(Geology) A fracture or fracture zone along which there has been displacement of one side with respect to the other.