Eugenics

n. study of the possibility of racial improvement through selective breeding and other methods

Eugenics is a social philosophy which advocates the improvement of human hereditary traits through various forms of intervention. Throughout history, eugenics has been regarded by its various advocates as a social responsibility, an altruistic stance of a society, meant to create healthier and more intelligent people, to save resources, and lessen human suffering. More controversially, some, such as the Nazi regime in Germany, used eugenics as a pretext for racial discrimination. Earlier proposed means of achieving these goals focused on selective breeding, while modern ones focus on prenatal testing and screening, genetic counseling, birth control, in vitro fertilization, and genetic engineering. Opponents argue that eugenics is immoral and is based on, or is itself, pseudoscience. Historically, eugenics has been used as a justification for coercive state-sponsored discrimination and human rights violations, such as forced sterilization of persons who are claimed to have genetic defects, the killing of the institutionalized population and, in some cases, outright genocide of races perceived as inferior or undesirable.
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Eu·gen·ics n. The study of hereditary improvement of the human race by controlled selective breeding. [more]Eugenics - Community and Resources

Noun
1. the study of methods of improving genetic qualities by selective breeding (especially as applied to human mating)
(antonym) dysgenics, cacogenics
(hypernym) life science, bioscience

(n.)
The science of improving stock, whether human or animal.