Earthworks are engineering works created through the moving of massive quantities of
soil or unformed
rock. Engineers need to concern themselves with issues of
geotechnical engineering (such as soil fluidity and friction) and with quantity estimation to ensure that soil volumes in the
cuts match those of the
fills, while minimizing the distance of movement. In the past, such calculations were done by hand using a
slide rule and with methods such as
Simpson's rule; now they can be performed simply with a
computer and specialized
software.
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