Diapause is a
physiological state of
dormancy with very specific triggering and releasing conditions; there are various definitions and contexts in which the term is used, but its most common application is in
arthropods, especially
insects. One of the most explicit definitions, covering many of the important features, is the following: "a
neurohormonally mediated, dynamic state of low
metabolic activity. Associated with this are reduced
morphogenesis, increased resistance to environmental extremes, and altered or reduced behavioral activity. Diapause occurs during a genetically determined stage(s) of
metamorphosis, and its full expression develops in a species-specific manner, usually in response to a number of environmental stimuli that precede unfavorable conditions. Once diapause has begun, metabolic activity is suppressed even if conditions favorable for development prevail."
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