is a municipality and a city in the
Netherlands, in the province of
North Holland. Den Helder occupies the northernmost point of the
North Holland peninsula. It is home to the country's main naval base. Ferries sail between Den Helder and the island of
Texel to the north.The major areas of Den Helder are old Den Helder, Nieuw-Den Helder, and De Schooten. Nieuw-Den Helder was built in the
1950s, following
World War II, when there was a great need for additional housing. De Schooten was constructed in the
1960s.Huisduinen was the original village where city grew out of, Helder was a name for a second small hamlet. Due to its strategic location at the tip of the North Holland peninsula, multiple fortifications were built in the area. The area began to be called Helledore ("Gate to hell", later on Den Helsdeur), because of the "hellish" fortifications that prevented enemy ships from sailing into the
Zuyderzee. The name Helder may also have come from Helle/Helde, which means hill or hilly grounds, or from Helre, which means a sandy ridge. Den Helder has played an important part in Dutch shipping. During the
Dutch Golden Age, ships would assemble near Den Helder and sail from there to the oceans of the world. In the 1820s, the
Noordhollandsch Kanaal shipping canal was dug from
Amsterdam to Den Helder. The lighthouse Lange Jaap was built in
1877 and is the tallest cast-iron lighthouse in Europe, at 63.45 metres.
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