The Decline of the Roman Empire, also called the Fall of the Roman Empire, or the Fall of Rome, is a
historical term of
periodization for the end of the
Western Roman Empire.
Edward Gibbon, in his famous study
The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (1776), was the first to use this terminology, but he was neither the first nor the last to speculate on why and when the Empire collapsed. "From the eighteenth century onward," Glen W. Bowersock has remarked, "we have been obsessed with the fall: it has been valued as an archetype for every perceived decline, and, hence, as a symbol for our own fears." It remains one of the greatest historical questions, and has a tradition rich in scholarly interest. In 1984, German professor
Alexander Demandt published a collection of 210 theories on why Rome fell.
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